[[ZKP/ZKP Base Layer/ZKP Blockchain/High Level Overview|The layered design]] ensures that a failure in one layer, such as a [[ZKP/ZKP Base Layer/ZKP Blockchain/Performance/Storage Layer|Storage Layer]] issue (e.g., an [[Off-Chain Data Management with IPFS and Filecoin|IPFS]] node outage), does not disrupt the [[ZKP/ZKP Base Layer/ZKP Blockchain/Technical Build Consensus Layer/Consensus Model|Consensus Layer,]] maintaining operational continuity. This resilience is critical for decentralized AI applications that require high availability, as it prevents single points of failure from compromising the entire system. Substrate's modular pallet architecture enhances this fault tolerance by allowing individual pallets to fail or be upgraded without affecting the entire runtime, providing additional system resilience. See also: [[ZKP/ZKP Base Layer/ZKP Blockchain/Performance/Performance Metrics|Performance Metrics]]